19th Dynasty

Helicopter Hieroglyphs

High upon the walls of the Temple of Seti I at Abydos lies a curious carving that has sparked endless wonder. To the casual eye, the shapes appear astonishingly familiar to the modern world; depicting what appears to be a helicopter, a submarine, and even a tank, yet these images were etched more than three...

Legs of Nefertari

Among the windswept cliffs of the Valley of the Queens lies the shattered splendour of one of Egypt’s most magnificent tombs. It belonged to Nefertari, Great Royal Wife of Ramesses II, the pharaoh who would come to be known as “the Great”. Revered not only for her beauty but for her wisdom and influence at...

Ramesses II and the Nourishing Tree

In the mortuary temple of Ramesses II known as the Ramesseum at Thebes, the walls are alive with scenes not merely of conquest, but of sustenance, renewal, and divine favour. Among these reliefs is a particularly charming composition in which the king appears not once, but twice, in the embrace of a sacred tree. To...

Seti I before Ra-Horakhty

In this finely carved relief, Seti I stands reverently before the enthroned Ra-Horakhty, the composite solar deity crowned with the sun disk and uraeus. The king’s right hand is raised in a delicate gesture: with his little finger, he touches the divine cobra, symbol of celestial fire and royal authority. Far from a casual motion,...

Isis & Osiris in the Papyrus of Ani

Ani was a high-ranking scribe and treasury official who lived in Thebes during the 19th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, likely under the reign of Seti I or Ramesses II (c. 1290–1250 B.C.). Though his titles vary, he is often called the “Scribe of the Divine Offerings,” indicating a prestigious role in the temple economy. He...

Bakenmut Papyrus

This vividly painted fragment comes from a Book of the Dead scroll dating from the 19th Dynasty. The scene depicts a male scribe, identified by his title “Scribe of the House of the King”, offering incense and homage to the enthroned god Osiris, who is flanked by Isis. Behind the scribe stands a female figure...

Woman holding a Cat

The wooden figure depicts a naked woman holding what is identified as a cat to her chest, though the animal’s form is somewhat indistinct. Though undated in the museum’s entry, the figure was acquired by the early 19th-century Scottish traveller and collector Robert Hay of Linplum, who amassed a substantial number of antiquities during his...

Family Portrait of Ptahmai, “Chief of the wab priests of Ptah”

Among the many sculptural treasures of the New Kingdom are those tenderly carved family group statues intended for tomb chapels; silent participants in the rituals of memory and honour. One such ensemble features the noble figure of Ptahmai, an esteemed official who served under the mighty Ramesses II. As a mark of royal favour, he...

The First Recorded Treaty in History

In the annals of ancient diplomacy and warfare, few events stand as prominently as the Battle of Kadesh and the treaty that followed it. Fought circa 1274 B.C., this monumental confrontation between two great Bronze Age powers, Egypt under Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II, is widely regarded not only for its...

King of Egypt as a lion subduing the head of a Nubian

This piece, fashioned from Egyptian Blue and gold, presents a striking image of the head of a Nubian man engulfed by the jaws of a lion. Though compact in scale, the piece is monumental in its ideological intent. Most likely the terminal of a ceremonial fly whisk or whip, the handle is more than decorative;...