The Sabu Disk

Discovered in 1936 by British archaeologist Walter Bryan Emery within the tomb of Prince Sabu at the Saqqara necropolis, the so-called “Sabu Disk” is a unique object which stands as a testament to the advanced craftsmanship of early Egyptian artisans.​

Believed to date from the First Dynasty, c. 3000–2800 B.C., the disk measures approximately 61 centimetres in diameter and 10.6 centimetres in height. Crafted from schist—a brittle and fragile stone—the artefact features a central hole about 8 centimetres wide, surrounded by three elegantly curved lobes extending from its slightly raised rim.

This intricate design, reminiscent of a modern steering wheel with three broad spokes, underscores the remarkable skill of Ancient Egyptian craftsmen, especially considering the challenging nature of the material.

The function of the Sabu Disk remains a subject of debate among Egyptologists. Emery initially speculated that it might have served as a ceremonial vessel or a stand-mounted container, though no supporting evidence was found within the tomb. Some scholars suggest it could have been a decorative piece, given its delicate construction. ​

Beyond academic discourse, the Sabu Disk has sparked various unconventional theories. Some propose that it represents an ancient Egyptian attempt to replicate metal objects, possibly indicating knowledge of advanced technologies. Others, delving into the realm of speculation, suggest it could be a model of a flywheel or even an out-of-place artefact linked to extraterrestrial influences. However, these claims lack substantial evidence and are not supported by mainstream Egyptology.

The Sabu Disk remains an intriguing puzzle from Ancient Egypt, symbolising the sophistication and mystery of early Egyptian civilisation. While its exact purpose continues to elude definitive explanation, the artefact offers invaluable insight into the artistic and cultural practices of the era. As research progresses, it is hoped that further study will shed light on this captivating piece of history.